Research in Diabetes Surgery May Point To The Origin Of The Disease
Research at Cornell Medical Center has shown that Type-2 diabetes may be caused by intestinal dysfunction. The study indicates that the small bowel could be the location for critical mechanisms involved in the development of diabetes. The researchers speculate that this research may lead to the origins of Type-2 diabetes.
Clinical studies have shown that procedures that restrict the stomach’s size improve diabetes by causing extreme weight loss. However, animal studies have shown that gastrointestinal bypass operations that involve rerouting the gastrointestinal tract, such as gastric bypass, may cause improvements in diabetes without weight loss. Interestingly, this would also found to be true in non-obese subjects.
This study and previous research has provided evidence that the gastrointestinal tract is a key part of energy regulation, and that may gut hormones are involved in the regulation of sugar metabolism.
Prior research has shown that control of diabetes requires bypass of the upper small intestine, the duodenum and jejunum. Research in animals has shown that bypass of the upper intestine may reverse irregular blood glucose regulation. However, when this is performed on subjects who are not diabetic, the bypass may actually harm blood glucose regulation.
The researchers think that gastrointestinal hormones called incretins may play a key role in the origin of diabetes. Incretins are produced in response to the transit of nutrients and they boost insulin production. Since excess insulin leads to hypoglycemia, the researchers speculate that the body has an anti-incretin mechanism. If the duodenum and jejunum produce too much anti-incretin, insulin secretion will be reduced, which will eventually cause Type-2 diabetes.
While this research is important and may lead to the origins of Type-2 diabetes, I think the best method for prevention and treatment of this disease is a healthy diet (maybe low-carb) and exercise. I have heard people call exercise a “miracle drug”, and when combined with a healthy diet, I would have to agree.
Reference: Cornell University
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